C3 Drives Inflammatory Skin Carcinogenesis Independently of C5

Factors C3 and C5 Human Skin Mast Cells Express Complement

C3, C4 and C5: the thioester site.

with a hydrophobic cluster of Tyr-59, Ile-60 and Leu-63 on one surface. It is this hydrophobic cluster that we suggest is being mimicked by the tryptophanyl-tryptophan groups as illustrated in Fig. 1. We also propose that the hydrophobic cluster in C3a represents a secondary binding site on the molecule, and it is a cooperative interaction on the receptor between the hydrophobic and effector si...

Phylogeny of the C3/C4/C5 complement-component gene family indicates that C5 diverged first.

A phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from the C3/C4/C5 complement-component family of vertebrates supported the hypothesis that the C5 gene diverged first from the common ancestor of C3 and C4 and that C3 and C4 diverged later. The close relationship of C3 and C4 was further supported by the fact that a hagfish complement-component gene showed evidence of being more closely related to both ...

VEGF-C and VEGF-D blockade inhibits inflammatory skin carcinogenesis.

VEGF-C and VEGF-D were identified as lymphangiogenic growth factors and later shown to promote tumor metastasis, but their effects on carcinogenesis are poorly understood. Here, we have studied the effects of VEGF-C and VEGF-D on tumor development in the murine multistep chemical carcinogenesis model of squamous cell carcinoma by using a soluble VEGF-C/VEGF-D inhibitor. After topical treatment ...

Cervical diskography: analysis of provoked responses at C2-C3, C3-C4, and C4-C5.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous authors have described the locations of provoked responses to cervical diskography from C3-C4 to C6-C7, but we have found no description of the findings at C2-C3. This study was undertaken to analyze the sensations provoked during cervical diskography at C2-C3 and to compare the results with those provoked at C3-C4 and C4-C5. METHODS The locations of diskograph...